About Earth Science

Following are some of the multiple choice questions on the Earth Science with answers that will help the students in developing their knowledge.

Earth Science MCQ

1. What is a renewable resource?

  • A resource that can be replaced or recycled.
  • A resource that will not run out.
  • A resource that cannot be replaced at all, or cannot be replaced as fast as people use it.

2. What is an inexhaustible resource?

  • A resource that can be replaced or recycled.
  • A resource that will not run out.
  • A resource that cannot be replaced at all, or cannot be replaced as fast as people use it.

3. What are the 3 major types of rocks?

  • Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
  • Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
  • Brown, Red, Gray
  • Streak, Hardness, Breakage

4. How is it possible for new crust to be formed without increasing the surface area of the Earth?

  • Crust is destroyed at the same time it is created
  • New crust is underwater where it sinks
  • New crust breaks more easily than old crust

5. What type of plate boundary is this?

  • Plate
  • Divergent
  • Convergent
  • Transform

6. In a drought, farmers often have problems with their topsoil blowing away when it gets really dry. What could farmers do to keep the lightweight, dry soil from blowing away or eroding?

  • Plant the seeds farther apart.
  • Surround the fields with natural barriers, such as trees to block the wind.
  • Keep cows in the field.

7. Rock that forms when sediment from older rocks get pressed and cemented together.

  • Sedimentary Rock
  • Metamorphic Rock
  • Igneous Rock

8. This rock started as lava that cooled and then was heated and put under pressure over time. What type of rock is this?

  • Sedimentar
  • Igneous
  • Metamorphic

9. This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?

  • Sedimentary
  • Igneous
  • Metamorphic

10. This rock was found near the mouth of a volcano. What type of rock is this?

  • Sedimentary
  • Igneous
  • Metamorphic

11. When sediments are pressed together tightly, this is called ____________.

  • Compaction
  • Cementation
  • Weathering
  • Erosion

12. Wind, water, and ice breaking down rock is called

  • Erosion
  • Deposition
  • Compaction
  • Weathering

13. Which of the following is the name of the ancient supercontinent formed 28 Million Years ago.

  • Pangea
  • Gondwanda
  • Laurasia
  • Neverland

14. A divergent boundary occurs when plates ....

  • Pull apart
  • Come together
  • Slide past each other
  • subducting

15. The type of plate boundary where two plates come together is a .....

  • Convergent Boundary
  • Divergent Boundary
  • Transform Boundary
  • Plate Boundary

16. Cause: Erosion of land on an inland farm.

  • Effect: Waves erode the shoreline and carry grains of sand away. People can use sandbags to stop erosion along the coast.
  • Effect: Rain can wash away the topsoil, which is the soil with the most nutrients for plants. Farmers can slow erosion by planting trees around their fields. Their roots will help keep the soil in place.
  • There is no effect of erosion on an inland farm.

17. Cause: Erosion of land next to the ocean.

  • Effect: Waves erode the shoreline and carry grains of sand away. People can use sandbags to stop erosion along the coast.
  • Effect: Rain can wash away the topsoil, which is the soil with the most nutrients for plants. Farmers can slow erosion by planting trees around their fields. Their roots will help keep the soil in place.
  • There is no effect of erosion on land next to the ocean.

18. Complete the statement: 1.______________ breaks rock down into tiny particles (sediment). Over time, 2.__________________, along with particles of organic material, are formed. The top layers 3.____________ on the bottom layers, forming sedimentary rocks.

  • Weathering 2. many layers of particles 3. press
  • Many layers of particles 2.press 3.weathering
  • Weathering 2. press 3. many layers of particles

19. Hurricanes can be helpful.

  • True, hurricanes provide a lot of rain that keeps wells flowing. They may also remove non-native plant species from the ground so native species have room to grow.
  • False, hurricanes cannot be helpful.

20. Hurricanes can be harmful.

  • True, rain and storm surges can cause flooding. Strong winds can destroy homes and other buildings.
  • False, hurricanes are not harmful.

21. Physical weathering...

  • is when only the size of the rock changes.
  • is when nothing changes.
  • is when rock is broken into smaller pieces, and the material that makes up the rock or soil also changes.

22. Chemical weathering...

  • is when rock is broken into smaller pieces, and the material that makes up the rock or soil also changes.
  • is when only the size of the rocks is changed.
  • is when nothing changes.

23. Clay holds too much water, and the plant's roots will rot.

  • True
  • False

24. Contamination of the ocean or land is...

  • the greatest risk of from using an oil drill.
  • caused by sediment.
  • a nonrenewable energy source.

25. Choose the correct definition and example of a fossil fuel.

  • a rock rich in minerals that can be removed from Earth. Ex. metal
  • cell that changes energy from the Sun into electrical energy. Ex. solar panels
  • items made from organisms that lived long ago. Ex. coal

26. A plate moving along a fault often causes...

  • an earthquake.
  • a tornado.
  • a hurricane.

27. The cause of a rock breaking due to frozen water is an example of...

  • soil formation.
  • erosion.
  • weathering.

28. Igneous Rock forms ...

  • by heat and pressure warping a rock.
  • by magma.
  • by earthquakes.

29. What tool do scientists use to study wind speeds inside a thunderstorm to learn about a tornado?

  • Fujita Scale
  • Doppler Radar
  • Space Satellites

30. Choose the correct steps a scientist follows to predict a hurricane.

  • Scientists take information from satellites above Earth's surface to predict the path of hurricanes.
  • Scientists use weather instruments to collect data and create a digital model of the hurricane's path.
  • Scientists use special planes to fly into the eye of the hurricane.

31. What is the difference in air pressure at the peak of a mountain versus the base of the mountain?

  • Air pressure is greater at the base of the mountain.
  • The Air pressure depends on the weather.
  • Air pressure is lower at the base of the mountain.

32. Check all that are true:We can help the Earth by...

  • planting trees.
  • recycling
  • using solar and wind energy and other renewable resources
  • building roads and cites
  • cutting trees and farming

33. When water is warmed it evaporates and then cooled and condenses, it then will eventually...

  • evaporate into space.
  • become a cloud.
  • melt.
  • fall as precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, hail).

34. True or False: Oxygen is the gas that makes up most of the atmosphere.

  • True
  • False

35. True or False: Flowing water breaking down and moving rocks and sediment is an interaction between the hydrosphere and the geosphere.

  • True
  • False

36. Check all that apply:The biosphere and the geosphere interact by...

  • Water eroding a canyon
  • Plants growing in soil
  • Wind eroding a rock
  • Volcano erupting and covering plants and animals
  • Trees roots cracking and breaking down rocks

37. The atmosphere is made up of all the...

  • water
  • rocks and soil
  • living things
  • gases

38. The _______________ includes all living and formerly alive organisms, including humans.

  • Biosphere
  • Hydrosphere
  • Geosphere
  • Atmosphere

39. Which of Earth's system is made of all the liquid, water, and snow?

  • Biosphere
  • Geosphere
  • Hydrosphere
  • Atmosphere

40. Several dams were built across the Chattahoochee River. Which is one of the reasons they were built?

  • to prevent runoff
  • to prevent flooding downstream
  • to increase the flow of water in the river
  • to decrease the amount of water upstream

41. A seawall constructed along a length of oceanfront property can assist a coastal city by _______________________.

  • keeping water temperatures down.
  • providing a road for cars.
  • preventing animals from migrating.
  • slowing erosion of beach sand.

42. A student argues that a destructive force can change the surface of Earth. Which of the following could be used to support this claim?

  • A new island forms in the ocean.
  • A plain becomes a deep canyon due to erosion.
  • A sand dune forms on the beach.
  • A mountain grows taller over thousands of years.

43. The technology of a seismograph is helpful to humans because it ________.

  • determines the height of tidal waves
  • records historical temperature extremes
  • identifies locations with poor soil
  • helps detect and measure earthquakes

44. What is pictured in the diagram?

  • canyon
  • fault
  • tornado
  • volcano

45. How do humans try to prevent flood damage from overflowing rivers?

  • by adding sand to coastal beaches
  • by spreading salt on icy mountain roads
  • by building dams, levees, and storm drains
  • by studying the movements of tectonic plates

46. In the rock cycle, what causes metamorphic rock to form?

  • red, hot magma
  • heat and pressure
  • erosion
  • wind

47. In the erosion lab, the smaller and lighter sediments, such as clay and silt, were generally deposited downstream in the basin. Why did this happen?

  • the sediments were able to flow a long distance
  • the sediments couldn't be carried as far

48. In the erosion lab, the larger, heavier sediments were generally deposited in the canyon and alluvial fan. Why did this happen?

  • the sediments were able to flow a long distance
  • the sediments couldn't be carried as far

49. In the erosion lab, what caused an increase in weathering, erosion, and deposition?

  • increased water supply
  • increased slope
  • both increased water supply and increased slope
  • neither - the weathering, erosion, and deposition stayed the same

50. In the rock cycle, what causes sedimentary rock to form?

  • compaction and cementation
  • melting
  • heat and pressure
  • red, hot magma

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